Exploring the Health Impacts of Cannabis: An Overview

The utilization of cannabis and its derivatives for addressing chronic pain, multiple sclerosis, and mental health issues is increasingly common. However, it is essential to acknowledge that the use of cannabis for medicinal purposes presents both advantages and risks, as revealed by research.

Cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), compounds found in Cannabis sativa plants, are at the forefront of delivering medical benefits. In regions where it is legally permitted, healthcare professionals may prescribe various forms of cannabis, such as dried cannabis, oils, tablets, containing CBD and THC, collectively termed as “medicinal cannabis.”

While these treatments are well-researched and generally well-tolerated within prescribed guidelines, there are substantial risks associated with misuse or obtaining cannabis from unlicensed sources. This article aims to examine the scientific evidence regarding the medical benefits of cannabis while acknowledging the potential health risks.

Medical Benefits of Cannabis:

1. Chronic Pain: over 10,000 scientific studies found that cannabis or cannabinoid-containing products effectively alleviate chronic pain, particularly neuropathic pain.
2. Alcoholism and Drug Addiction: Some individuals explore CBD oil to manage or replace prescription pain medications, and studies suggest potential benefits in addressing alcohol or opioid dependencies.
3. Mental Health Issues: relief from depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. However, caution is advised, as cannabis may not be suitable for conditions like bipolar disorder and psychosis.
4. Cancer: oral cannabinoids can combat chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, with some studies indicating potential relief through smoked cannabis.
5. Multiple Sclerosis: Short-term use of oral cannabinoids may modestly improve spasticity in individuals with multiple sclerosis.
6. Epilepsy: The FDA approved a CBD-based medication called Epidiolex for specific types of epilepsy, showing promising results in reducing seizures.

Health Risks of Cannabis:

1. Mental Health Problems: Cannabis use may increase the risk of short-term psychosis and long-term mental health conditions, including schizophrenia. Regular use may also be associated with suicidal thoughts and a heightened risk of depression.
2. Testicular Cancer: Long-term cannabis use is linked to an increased risk of testicular cancer, according to research.
3. Respiratory Disease: Smoking cannabis poses risks such as scarring in the respiratory system, lung blood vessel damage, and bronchitis. However, non-combusted medicinal CBD products, like oral oils, do not carry these risks.

In conclusion, the dual nature of cannabis, with both health benefits and risks, necessitates careful consideration. While scientific research is progressing, obstacles, such as cannabis being classified as a Schedule I controlled substance, hinder a complete understanding of its public health implications. Further research is crucial to delineate the boundaries of responsible cannabis use.